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Desert soils form in areas where the demand for water by the atmosphere (evaporation) and plants (transpiration) is much greater than precipitation. Deserts cover 20 to 33% of the Earth’s land surface, and can be found in the tropics, at the poles, and in between.
19 de oct. de 2023 · The desert biome covers about one-fifth of Earth’s surface. This biome has a layer of soil that can either be sandy, gravelly, or stony, depending on the type of desert. Deserts usually get at most 50 centimeters (20 inches) of rainfall a year, and the organisms that live in deserts are adapted to this extremely dry climate.
19 de ago. de 2018 · Desert soil often has scanty organic matter and plenty of calcium carbonate, gypsum and salt. While mature desert soils commonly take the form of an Aridisol, many desert landscapes feature very young soils slowly forming on stony or sandy ground, plus extensive tracts lacking soil altogether.
28 de may. de 2020 · Desert soil has at least 90% of sand as its composition. Other types of soil have more clay and silt, which are better for allowing plants to thrive. Desert soil is also usually located in dry climates, and so, organic materials are not present to fertilize the soil in the first place. Why are desert soils low in organic matter?
Soils and Desert Life. Soils of the desert teem with living things. Plant life ranging from single-celled cyanobacteria to giant saguaro reside on and in the soil. Tunneling termites and burrowing mammals turn over the soil. The activity of some organisms is very ephemeral and occurs in a short span of time after rains.
Large areas of desert soil are irrigated by water pumped from underground sources or brought by canal from distant rivers or lakes. The booming Inland Empire of southeastern California is made up of deserts (the Mojave and the Sonoran) that rely on water for agriculture , in dustry , and residential development.
Desert soils occupy approximately 46 million km 2, or 31.5% of the Earth’s surface, with Aridisols, Entisols, and Inceptisols constituting over 85% of the global desert soils ( Dregne, 1976 ). The majority of desert soils with relatively well-developed soil horizons fall into the Aridisol classification.
