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30 de abr. de 2024 · DNA, organic chemical of complex molecular structure found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It codes genetic information for the transmission of inherited traits. The structure of DNA was described in 1953, leading to further understanding of DNA replication and hereditary control of cellular activities.
The structure of DNA is dynamic along its length, being capable of coiling into tight loops and other shapes. In all species it is composed of two helical chains, bound to each other by hydrogen bonds. Both chains are coiled around the same axis, and have the same pitch of 34 ångströms (3.4 nm).
21 de ene. de 2021 · Learn about the structure of DNA, the double helix, the nucleotides, the base pairs, and the discovery by Watson, Crick, and Franklin. Compare DNA with RNA and understand DNA replication.
A DNA molecule consists of two long polynucleotide chains composed of four types of nucleotide subunits. Each of these chains is known as a DNA chain, or a DNA strand. Hydrogen bonds between the base portions of the nucleotides hold the two chains together ( Figure 4-3 ).
In order to understand the biological function of DNA, you first need to understand its molecular structure. This requires learning the vocabulary for talking about the building blocks of DNA, and how these building blocks are assembled to make DNA molecules.
At the most basic level, DNA is wrapped around proteins known as histones to form structures called nucleosomes. The DNA is wrapped tightly around the histone core. This nucleosome is linked to the next one by a short strand of DNA that is free of histones.
9 de oct. de 2019 · How Watson and Crick discovered the helical structure of double-stranded DNA in 1953, based on X-ray diffraction data and chemical evidence. Learn about the history, the challenges and the implications of this groundbreaking research that changed biology and genetics.
