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E. arth is an active place. Earthquakes rip along plate boundaries, volcanoes spew fountains of molten lava, and mountain ranges and seabed are constantly created and destroyed. Earth scientists have long been concerned with deciphering the history—and predicting the future—of this active planet.
The epic story of Earth’s evolution and development is a journey that begins almost 14 billion years ago, with the formation of atoms and molecules shortly after the big bang.
The Earth formed at about the same time as the other terrestrial planets in the inner part of the Solar System as it cooled. The first 4 billion years of Earth’s history, from its formation to the first appearance of shelly fossils 545 million years ago, is known as the Precambrian (see Figure 1).
overview of Earth’s history from a planetary science perspec-tive, for undergraduates in earth science, planetary science, and astronomy. The evolution of the Earth is described in the con-text of what we know about other planets and the cosmos at large, from the origin of the cosmos to the processes that shape
A free online textbook for Historical Geology courses. A Brief History of Earth. The geological clock: a projection of Earth’s 4.5 Ga history on a clock (“Ma” = a million years (Megayear) ago; “Ga” = a billion years (Gigayear) ago). The circle starts at 4.6 billion years ago, then loops around to zero.
26 de abr. de 2012 · The Story of Earth: The First 4.5 Billion Years, from Stardust to Living Planet. R. Hazen. Published 26 April 2012. Geology, Environmental Science. Earth evolves. From first atom to molecule, mineral to magma, granite crust to single cell to verdant living landscape, ours is a planet constantly in flux.
4 de nov. de 2022 · Origin and evolution of earth : principles of historical geology ... Pdf_module_version 0.0.20 Ppi 360 Rcs_key 24143 Republisher_date 20221010072722 Republisher_operator associate-jonathan-balignot@archive.org Republisher_time 258 ...
