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17 de may. de 2024 · Chemical bonding, any of the interactions that account for the association of atoms into molecules, ions, crystals, and other species. When atoms approach one another, their electrons interact and tend to distribute themselves in space so that the total energy is lower than it would be in any alternative arrangement.
Examples. Sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) combine to form stable crystals of sodium chloride (NaCl), also known as common salt. Magnesium (Mg) and oxygen (O) combine to form magnesium oxide (MgO). Potassium (K) and chlorine (Cl) combine to form potassium chloride (KCl) Calcium (Ca) and fluorine (F) combine to form calcium fluoride (CaF 2) 2.
Discover how atoms and ions come together through chemical bonding! Learn about ionic bonds, covalent bonds, polyatomic ions, and metallic bonds, and how they lead to the fascinating substances that make up our world.
Types of chemical bonds. Learn. Metallic nature. Electronegativity and bonding. Bond energy. Learn. Bond length and bond energy. Worked example: Interpreting potential energy curves of diatomic molecules. Lattice energy. Ionic bonds and Coulomb's law. Practice. Intramolecular force and potential energy. 4 questions. Solids. Learn. Ionic solids.
Some examples are nitrogen gas (N 2 ), oxygen gas (O 2 ), and hydrogen gas (H 2 ). One way to figure out what type of bond a molecule has is by determining the difference of the electronegativity values of the molecules. If the difference is between 0.0-0.3, then the molecule has a non-polar bond.
Example 9.2.1 9.2. 1: Sodium Chloride. For example, in the reaction of Na (sodium) and Cl (chlorine), each Cl atom takes one electron from a Na atom. Therefore each Na becomes a Na + cation and each Cl atom becomes a Cl - anion. Due to their opposite charges, they attract each other to form an ionic lattice.
Chemical bonding is the general term used to describe the forces that hold atoms together in molecules and ions. Three idealized types of bonding are ionic bonding , in which positively and negatively charged ions are held together by electrostatic forces, covalent bonding , in which electron pairs are shared between atoms and metallic bonding ...
