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2 de may. de 2024 · Science. 3 May 2024. Cancer cells often have abnormal DNA content owing to disruption of the pathways that control the cell cycle. Cells commit to the cell cycle in response to small peptide signals called mitogens, which ensure entry into S phase, when DNA is replicated.
12 de may. de 2024 · Unchecked proliferation and disturbed cell cycle control are hallmarks of cancer cells. Through the direct targeting of cyclins within tumor cells or the indirect induction of an immune response against them, immunotherapy can take advantage of these abnormalities [ 53 , 54 ].
8 de may. de 2024 · Introduction. Cell metabolism comprises a network of interconnected pathways that ultimately provide the essential biomolecules required for cell survival and subsequent physiological...
22 de may. de 2024 · Many cancer cells exhibit enhanced rates of glycolysis with concomitant reduction of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolism and subsequent oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) [1,2,3].This ...
11 de may. de 2024 · Abstract. The activation of sequential events in the cancer-immunity cycle (CIC) is crucial for achieving effective antitumor immunity. However, formidable challenges, such as innate and adaptive immune resistance, along with the off-target adverse effects of nonselective immunomodulators, persist.
2 de may. de 2024 · 3 May 2024. B cells are key players in adaptive immunity. In a typical response, B cells specific for an antigen become activated and proliferate in a transient structure called a germinal center (GC), where their B cell receptor (BCR) undergoes rounds of mutation, and clones with BCRs that bind antigen more robustly are selected.
9 de may. de 2024 · However, the cell cycle and its checkpoint systems can be sabotaged by defective proteins or genes that cause malignant transformation of the cell, which can lead to cancer. For example, mutations in a protein called p53 , which normally detects abnormalities in DNA at the G1 checkpoint, can enable cancer-causing mutations to bypass ...
