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Illegal wildlife trade is run by criminal networks with wide, international reach. Some traffic illegal drugs, arms and even people. Recent evidence shows that some networks are also linked to terrorist organizations.
However, UNODC’s assessment of available evidence gives no confidence that wildlife trafficking overall is being substantially reduced. The global scope and scale of wildlife crime remain substantial with seizures during 2015–2021 indicating an illegal trade in 162 countries and territories affecting around 4,000 plant and animal species.
Each year, hundreds of millions of plants and animals are caught or harvested from the wild and then sold as food, pets, ornamental plants, leather, tourist curios, and medicine. While a great deal of this trade is legal and is not harming wild populations, a worryingly large proportion is illegal — and threatens the survival of many ...
The illegal wildlife trade is now one of the world’s biggest and most profitable crime sectors, INTERPOL says. More than 2,000 animal and plant species are thought to be threatened by the wildlife trade internationally. $44 trillion of economic value globally relies on nature and its services, a World Economic Forum report says.
Illegal trafficking and unsustainable trade in wildlife are causing unprecedented declines in some species. They can also potentially lead to the spread of zoonoses, such as SARS-CoV-2, which caused the COVID-19 pandemic.
The value of illegal trade has been estimated at between $7 and $23 billion per year, making wildlife crime one of the most lucrative illegal businesses, often run by sophisticated, international, and well-organized criminal networks seeking to exploit the high rewards and low risks of the trade.
TRAFFIC is driving action to reduce illegal trafficking and enhance benefits to people from legal and sustainable trade of wild species. As a global trusted advisor, we generate evidence, analysis, and solutions to strengthen global and national policy frameworks, and build responsible and fair supply chains. Our Strategy.
