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Rumford had observed the frictional heat generated by boring out cannon barrels at the arsenal in Munich. At that time, cannons were cast at the foundry with an extra section of metal forward of what would become the muzzle, and this section was removed and discarded later in the manufacturing process.
Rumford, Benjamin Thompson (1753-1814) American-British physicist and scoundrel who, while drilling out cannons in the Munich munitions works, noticed that the canon became hot as long as the friction of boring continued.
Rumford's Experiments on the Heat Generated in Cannon-boring. Benjamin Thompson (Count Rumford). 1798. "Heat is a Form of Motion: An Experiment in Boring Cannon." Philosophical Transactions...
It was Rumford who rumbled the caloric theory of heat. His famous experiment on the boring of cannon went straight to the Achilles’s heel of the caloric theory—the generation of heat from friction.
Count Rumford on Heat. Heat is a Form of Motion: An Experiment in Boring Cannon. Benjamin Thompson (Count Rumford) Philosophical Transactions (vol. 88), 1798. It frequently happens that in the ordinary affairs and occupations of life opportunities present themselves of contemplation some of the most curious operations of nature; and very ...
When a metal cannon is made, a hole is bored into a solid piece of metal. The metal gets very hot. The origin of the heat was supposed to be caloric released during the boring process. In a set of experiments, Count Rumford measured the temperature change as a result of bring a cannon with the appratus illustrated below.
Rumford published the results of his investigations into heat in 1798, in a paper read to the Royal Society. He had been astonished at the amount of heat generated when army cannon were bored, and submitted the process to experiment.
