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The term Antenna Gain describes how much power is transmitted in the direction of peak radiation to that of an isotropic source. Antenna gain is more commonly quoted than directivity in an antenna's specification sheet because it takes into account the actual losses that occur.
In a receiving antenna, the gain describes how well the antenna converts radio waves arriving from a specified direction into electrical power. When no direction is specified, gain is understood to refer to the peak value of the gain, the gain in the direction of the antenna's main lobe.
5 de mar. de 2022 · Antenna gain G(θ,φ) is defined as the ratio of the intensity P(θ,φ,r) to the intensity [Wm-2] that would result if the same total power available at the antenna terminals, P A [W], were radiated isotropically over 4π steradians. G(θ,φ) is often called “gain over isotropic” where:
La ganancia es un producto de la directividad y la eficiencia de una antena. La eficiencia es siempre menor o igual a uno, por lo que la ganancia es menor que la directividad, y un parámetro más útil para las antenas reales.
La ganancia de la antena indica qué tan fuerte es la señal que una antena puede enviar o recibir en una dirección específica. La ganancia se calcula comparando la potencia medida transmitida o recibida por la antena en una dirección específica con la potencia transmitida o recibida por una antena ideal hipotética en la misma situación..
Antenna gain is typically given the symbol G, and is defined as the maximum radiation intensity produced by the antenna compared to that given by a lossless isotropic radiator supplied with the same level of power.
The gain of a real antenna can be as high as 40-50 dB for very large dish antennas (although this is rare). Directivity can be as low as 1.76 dB for a real antenna (example: short dipole antenna), but can never theoretically be less than 0 dB. However, the peak gain of an antenna can be arbitrarily low because of losses or low efficiency.
