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Theme, in the Byzantine Empire, originally, a military unit stationed in a provincial area; in the 7th century the name was applied to large military districts formed as buffer territories against Muslim encroachments in Anatolia. The organization of territory into themes began under Emperor.
13 de nov. de 2018 · Byzantine comes from Byzantium, the ancient name of Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire. The word has negative connotations of complexity and corruption, but it also reflects the rich cultural heritage of the empire.
Background. Origins. First themes: 640s–770s. Height of the theme system, 780s–950s. Decline of the system, 960s–1070s. Change and decline: 11th–12th centuries. Late Byzantine themata. Organization. List of the themes between c. 660 and 930.
In fact, it is believed that the term ‘Byzantine’, which many modern historians use instead of ‘Roman’, was coined by Hieronymus Wolf in the sixteenth century in order to distinguish the classical Roman Empire from its medieval Greek-speaking continuation.
Although the Byzantine Empire had a multi-ethnic character during most of its history and preserved Romano-Hellenistic traditions, it became identified with its increasingly predominant Greek element and its own unique cultural developments.
2 de jul. de 2012 · The first cited instance in the Oxford English Dictionary of the "complicated" (and, according to Safire, "Machiavellian") meaning of the word is a 1937 statement by Hungarian-British writer Arthur Koestler, a prolific wordsmith.
The themes (themata in Greek) were the main administrative divisions of the middle Byzantine Empire. They were established in the mid-7th century in the aftermath of the Slavic invasion of the Balkans, and Muslim conquests of parts of Byzantine territory.
