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1. In March 1933, the first concentration camp, Dachau, opened outside of Munich, Germany. It was used primarily for political prisoners and was the longest running camp in operation, until its liberation in April 1945. 2. Nazi officials established more than 44,000 incarceration sites during the time of the Third Reich.
Concentration camps are often inaccurately compared to a prison in modern society. But concentration camps, unlike prisons, were independent of any judicial review. Nazi concentration camps served three main purposes: To incarcerate people whom the Nazi regime perceived to be a security threat.
In November 1945, the Nuremberg trials began in Germany for major Nazi figures. This is the official documentary report of Nazi war crimes that was used as trial evidence.
In time their extensive camp system came to include concentration camps, where persons were incarcerated without observation of the standard norms applying to arrest and custody; labor camps; prisoner-of-war camps; transit camps; and camps which served as killing centers, often called extermination camps or death camps.
Nazi concentration camps were under the administration of the SS; forced-labour camps of the Soviet Union were operated by a succession of organizations beginning in 1917 with the Cheka and ending in the early 1990s with the KGB. Auschwitz; concentration camp.
Prisoners of the Camps As the Jews were the main targets of Nazi genocide, the victims of the killing centers were overwhelmingly Jewish. In the hundreds of forced-labor and concentration camps not equipped with gassing facilities, however, other individuals from a broad range of backgrounds could also be found.
The Nazi German Concentration and Extermination Camp (1940–-1945), Birkenau, Oświęcim. Written by. Michael Berenbaum—a graduate of Queens College (BA, 1967) and Florida State University (Ph.D., 1975) who also attended The Hebrew University and the Jewish Theological Seminary—is a writer,... Fact-checked by. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica.
